Begin with an equivalence $F: C \to D$, $G: D \to C$ along with natural isomorphisms_ to the identities, so $\eta: 1_C \simeq GF$ and $\epsilon: FG \simeq 1_D$. The claim is that we can replace $\epsilon$ by $\epsilon'$ such that the resulting ($\eta$, $\epsilon'$) pair obey the triangle identities.
Begin by defining $\gamma \equiv G \overset{\eta G}{\rightarrow} GFG \overset {G \epsilon}{\rightarrow} G$. This need not be identity, and will not be if $(\eta, \epsilon)$ is not an adjunction. So define $\epsilon' \equiv \epsilon \circ F\gamma^{-1}$. The claim is that by "the naturality of the $\eta$ the diagram below commutes, which proves one triangle identity $G \epsilon' \circ \eta G = 1_G$ ":
I do not understand many things about this diagram:
- Which part of the diagram is $G \epsilon'$?
- Which part of the diagram is $\eta G$?
- Why does the left triangle commute?
- Does the right triangle commute because of the definition of $\gamma$?
- Does the commutativity of the whole diagram follow from the commutativity of the left and right triangles?
My answers to the questions are these, which I feel are probably wrong:
- $G\epsilon' = G\epsilon \circ GF \gamma^{-1}$. So the right-hand side of the top row is $G \epsilon'$
- $\eta G$ is the left-hand side of the top row.
- Computing the bottom leg, we get: $\eta G \circ \gamma^{-1} = \eta G \circ (G \epsilon \circ \eta G)^{-1} = \eta G \circ (\eta G)^{-1} \circ (G \epsilon)^{-1} = (G\epsilon)^{-1}$. Computing the top leg, we get $GF\gamma^{-1} \circ \eta G = GF((G\epsilon)^{-1} \circ (\eta G)^{-1}) \circ \eta G$. I'm stuck here, I'm not sure how to reduce this.
- By definition, $\gamma = G \epsilon \circ \eta G$, from which it follows that the right triangle commutes.

