Here is an algorithmic problem. The input is a positive integer $n$ and a topology on the set $[1, \dots, n]$ presented as a (randomly ordered) list of the open sets. The output is a binary value signifying whether the given topology is Kolmogorov or not. Is there a "smart" algorithm for this problem (i.e. one which reduces the implied constant and the asymptotic complexity in a mathematically meaningful way)? If in addition the input topology is guaranteed to be irreducible, are there any optimizations then?
I propose a stupid one. For each pair of distinct points (of which there are $\frac{n(n-1)}{2}$), run through all the open sets (of which there are up to $2^n$) and check whether exactly one of them is contained in it.
Doesn't improve on the $n(n-1)/2$ or the $2^n$, but possibly a fairly decent Python version: