$$\cos x+\sin x=\sqrt{2}\sin\left(x+{\pi \over 4}\right)$$another way is $$r^2=rR(\cos\theta+\sin\theta)\implies x^2+y^2=Rx+Ry$$
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Hint: In the figure you drew, the circle crosses the $x$ and $y$ axes three times.
Those three crossings determine three points.
Three points determine a circle.
Hint
$$\cos x+\sin x=\sqrt{2}\sin\left(x+{\pi \over 4}\right)$$another way is $$r^2=rR(\cos\theta+\sin\theta)\implies x^2+y^2=Rx+Ry$$