Concept behind elementary operation on matrix

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What is the concept behind matrix elementary operation? When we try to find inverse of a matrix using elementary operations we write $$A=A*I$$ If we are going to solve by column elementary operation And $$A=IA$$ if it's row elementary operation

I am not able to understand the concept behind it.

Why only these three elementary transformation exist? And how are these derived?

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The key point is that:

right multiplication $Av$ correspond to a columns combination of $A$ by the entry values of v

EG

$A\cdot e_1=A\cdot \begin{bmatrix} 1\\0\\0\\.\\0\end{bmatrix}$= first column of $A$

left multiplication $Av$ correspond to a row combination of $A$ by the entry values of v

EG

$e_1^T\cdot A=[1,0,0,...,0]\cdot A$= first row of $A$