I'm a little to confused as to why it appears that the degree of a smooth map $f: M \to N$ between smooth manifolds appears to only be defined up to sign - I'm not sure where my mistake is.
By definition $\textrm{deg}(f)$ is the unique integer such that:
$$\int_M f^*\alpha = \textrm{deg}(f) \int_N \alpha$$
Where $\alpha$ is any n-form on $N$. Now it seems that if I were to pick different orientation on $N$ then the integral on the right hand side would switch sign?
I think you're onto something that is fully intended.
edit: here's a quote I think could be relevant
source on google books