I have been doing one quite simple task and there is one thing that I do not understand.
I am aware of the following regarding eigenvectors: If A is an n×n matrix, the nonzero n-component column vector x is an eigenvector for eigenvalue λ if Ax=λx.
Here is the exercise: The matrix A has the eigenvalues −1 and 2 with corresponding eigenvectors $\begin{bmatrix}0 \\ 1\end{bmatrix}$ and $\begin{bmatrix} 2 \\ 1 \end{bmatrix}$.
Compute A.
Now: Let A be $$
\begin{bmatrix}
a & b\\
c & d\\
\end{bmatrix}
$$
It follows that: 
My question is: Given the statement at the top of this post should not the following apply instead?: $A \cdot \begin{bmatrix}2\\1\end{bmatrix}$ = $2 \cdot \begin{bmatrix}2\\1\end{bmatrix}$
It is a printing mistake. In particular, if $\begin{pmatrix} 2 \\ 1\end{pmatrix}$ is an eigenvector of $A$ with eigenvalue $2$, then: $$ A\begin{pmatrix}2 \\ 1\end{pmatrix} = 2 \require{enclose}\enclose{updiagonalstrike,downdiagonalstrike}{\begin{pmatrix} 0 \\ 1\end{pmatrix}} {\begin{pmatrix}2 \\ 1\end{pmatrix}} $$ by the definition of eigenvector. You can make the correction and proceed.