Did all axiomatic systems face a crisis with the discovery of Russell's paradox?

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When Bertrand Russell outlined his paradox to Gottlob Frege just as his Grundgesetze was going to print, it effectively destroyed the consistency of Frege's theory of arithmetic. But was this the case for all axiomatic theories of arithmetic, including Peano's? Did they all, either implicitly or explicitly, rely on some form of the axiom of unrestricted comprehension?