$X$ = weight of a small bag of crisps has Normal distribution with mean = $35.5$ and $var = 0.8$ .
$Y$ = weight of a large bag of crisps has Normal distribution with mean = $152$ and $var = 3.2$
$$X \sim N(35.5, 0.8)$$ $$Y \sim N(152, 3.2)$$
What is the distribution of $Y - 4X$ ?
The answer given in the book is mean = $10$ and $var = 20.5$
I can see that the mean would be $10 \space (152 - 4 \times 35.5 = 10)$. But how do I get the variance?
What is the variance of $4X$ in this case, I think, it should be $4^2 \times Var(X) = 12.8 $ and then var of $Y-4X$ would give $12.8+3.2 = 16$
so I get $Y-4X$ has normal distribution $N \sim (10,16)$.
Additional details: Due to a comment by another user, I've got a couple of questions to extend this.
Suppose I want to find the probability that a randomly selected large bag of crisps is more than four times the weight of a randomly selected small bag, would I use $W \sim N(10,16)$ and find $P(W>0)$
Also, if the question instead was, find the probability that a randomly selected large bag of crisps is more than the sum of 4 randomly selected small bags, how would this change my anaswer?
So I think we all agree the book gave a wrong answer.
For the extended questions, yes, I believe $P(W > 0)$ where $W = Y - 4X \sim N(10,16)$ would tell you the probability that the large bag will be more than four times the weight of the (single) small bag, both selected at random.
If you instead select four small bags, it seems to me a reasonable model is that their weights are iid random variables $X_i$, $i = 1, 2, 3, 4$, all with distribution $X_i = N(35.5,0.8)$. In that case, the difference between the weight of the large bag and the total weight of all the small bags is $Y - \sum X_i$, and the variance of that is $Var(Y) + 4 \,Var(X_1),$ that is, $6.4$ rather than $16$.