The following is from "Multiplicative number theory I: Classical theory" by Hugh L. Montgomery, Robert C. Vaughan:
I could understand the full proof but the last paragraph, i.e. to show that $|E_K(x)| \le 1/2.$
I might not receive any answer if I ask for re-write the last paragraph so I ask my questions in details:
Question 1: For $1/(2K + 1) ≤ x ≤ 1/2$ we have $\sin πx ≥ 2x$. But how does this imply $|E_K(x)| \le 1/2$?
Question 2: For $0 ≤ u ≤ π$, we have $0 < \sin u < u$. But how does this implies $x − 1/2 ≤ E_K (x) ≤ (2K + 1)x − 1/2$ for $0 ≤ x ≤ 1/(2K + 1)$? I made calculations several times but I failed to achieve the result.
Question 3: How does $x − 1/2 ≤ E_K (x) ≤ (2K + 1)x − 1/2$ for $0 ≤ x ≤ 1/(2K + 1)$ imply $|E_K(x)| \le 1/2$?
