Finding the equation of a rational function or a conic section given three points

637 Views Asked by At

I have a rational equation derived from 2 points, $(2, 2)$ and $(10, 10)$. Solving for the rational equation gives the equation $$y = \frac{20}{12-x}.$$

What I want to happen right now is that given a new point $(x, y)$, and assuming that the new points $x$ and $y$ won't make the graph linear or look like a logarithmic graph, I'd like to know the new equation.

So far, sticking with the formula for a rational function $$y = \frac{m}{c-x}$$ doesn't help as much since I have $3$ points but only $2$ unknowns to work with. My idea right now is to solve look for an ellipse whose axes are fixed at $(2, 2)$ and $(10, 10)$. From there, I can start to figure out if I can plug in new $x$ and $y$ values to adjust the curvature of the ellipse while still holding $(2, 2)$ and $(10, 10)$ at position. Obviously the center won't be at the origin any longer.

Can anyone help me with my issue? I'm really rusty with my conic section maths.

Update Edit:

As I'm looking more and more onto this problem, the more I realise that I can't tell for sure if I need a rational equation or an equation for a conic section.

A rational equation wouldn't do since it only takes two points to determine a graph, adding a third point complicate things as I now have an overdetermined system of equations.

Using a conic section (ellipse) might be and issue as well since the center may move and other constants such as foci length will adjust as well when another point needs to be taken into account and the whole ellipse adjusts.

I also discussed this with a friend of mine, and she recommended that I use a third degree polynomial or a monotonic curve. I will look into that.

2nd Update:

A Polynomial of the n-1th degree given n points does not work. Given our example before where the boundaries $(2, 2)$ and $(10, 10)$, if the point is set nicely between the two boundaries, then I can come up with a system of 3 equations and Gauss-Jordan Elimination solves that nicely.

However, in the case that the third point is $(9, 4)$, which is a bit too low, what happens is that the parabola is shown where the $(2, 2)$ point is at the left part of the parabola and the two other points are in the right part. Adding a fourth point would make the graph curve out more than needed.


The reason why I wanted to find out if there is a way to find an upward-facing curve given two boundary points and a third setting point is because we wanted to make a flexible graph wherein anyone can set a third point and the graph would adjust accordingly.

However, it seems that there is no clean mathematical way to go about it. I found a solution Bezier Curve that fits well with what I wanted to achieve.

However, I am still interested if anyone manages to find out a way to come up with an upward facing curve given a certain number of points.