Fundamental Group of $GL_r(\mathbb{C})$

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Let $r \ge 2$. How to prove that the fundamental group $\pi_1(GL_r(\mathbb{C}))$ of the invertible matrices $GL_r(\mathbb{C})$ over $\mathbb{C}$ equals $\mathbb{Z}$.

What about $\pi_1(GL_r(\mathbb{R}))$?