I have an $(n+m)$x$(n+m)$ block, symmetric, real matrix with all non-negative entries and all zeroes in the main diagonal, with $m<n$. The first block is a $n$x$n$ invertible matrix, and the other diagonal block is a $m$x$m$ matrix of zeroes. The off-diagonal blocks are a $m$x$n$ matrix of rank $m$ and its transpose. Can I guarantee that the matrix is invertible? Can I do it if I also know that the matrix is negative semidefinite? Thanks!
2026-03-29 16:47:58.1774802878
Hermitian, hollow matrix and invertibility
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So, here is my attempt to an answer. Is it correct? The first $n$x$n$ diagonal block $D$ is negative semidefinite, so its inverse is negative semidefinite as well, and the negative of that inverse is positive semidefinite. Then there exists a permutation matrix $P$ such that $-P'D^{-1}P$ has a unique Cholesky decomposition $R'R$, where $R$ is an upper triangular matrix. Since $D^{-1}$ is invertible, $R$ has all diagonal elements positive. Then, if we let $A$, $A'$ be the skew diagonal elements of the block matrix, $-A'D^{-1}A=-A'PP'D^{-1}PP'A=-BR'RB'$, where $B=A'P$. Note that $B$ has full rank ($m$), since $A$ has. That is, its rows are linearly independent. Therefore, $BR'$ has rank $m$, and so has $BR'RB'$. Therefore, we conclude that the Schur complement of $D$ has full rank, and so the block matrix is indeed, invertible.