So I've read that the Weyl group of the $A_3$ root system is the full symmetry group of a tetrahedron $T_h$, $C_3$ is $O_h$, and $H_3$ is $I_h$. I've read some complicated proofs of this but I don't feel like I really understand why this is the case. I am hoping that the symmetric points of one of those 3d point groups can be produced by integer linear combinations of the root system (of a different sort for edge, vertex and face points), but I'm not sure if that's the case. Something like that would help connect the ideas visually for me.
The reason I'm interested is that I want to know how many symmetric points are fixed by a reflection, and I know how to find out how many roots are fixed by a reflection; that is, how many roots lie in the plane perpendicular to another root.
Thanks in advance!
I think you just mixes up root systems and Coxeter grous.
Within wikipedia you'll find the first one here: root systems, then providing esp. this graphic of associated Dynkin diagrams
which then are bound to the crystallographic restriction, i.e. allowing for angles of 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 135°, 150°, 180° only (simply because $(2\cos{\theta})^2\in\mathbb{Z}$).
The second one then is found here: Coxeter groups, then esp. providing this graphic of associated Coxeter graphs
then no longer distinguishing between the directedness of the 4-fold or 6-fold link and esp. additionally allowing for a 5-fold link as well.
Now adding the latter with the according kaleidoscopic Wythoff construction of polytopes (within your case: of polyhedra) you'd derive
thus representing directly the required for polyhedral symmetries.
--- rk