How to find the number of elements in a set when there are different conditions?

Question

The problem is as follows:

A milk company applied a survey to $240$ people on the consumption of their yoghurts. These were from the following flavors, vanilla, strawberries and blueberries. From this survey the results were:

The number of people who consume the three flavors plus those who consume only blueberries are $30$.

The number of people who consume only vanilla is double those who consume only vanilla and blueberries.

The number of people who consume only strawberries is double the sum of those who consume only vanilla and strawberries with those who consume only strawberries and blueberries.

If all people consume at least one flavor, calculate the number of people who consume only two of the flavors.

I'm stuck at this situation as I don't know how to simplify it the way how can I calculate the number.

The only thing I could come with was this:

$$\textrm{s=straberries, b=blueberries, v=vanilla, x=all flavors}$$ $$\textrm{w=only vanilla and blueberries, y=only vanilla and strawberries}$$ $$\textrm{z=strawberries and blueberries}$$

$$x+b=30$$

$$v=2w$$

$$s=2(y+z)$$

But where to go from there?. Can someone help me with what should be done to solve this?.

Edit:

This problem may need the use of a Venn diagram and I am not very familiar with its use and understanding how to avoid count two times the same group therefore an answer that would include a very detailed explanation step by step would be very valuable for me as I would like to know what it is happening.

Answer 1

Creating a Venn diagram for this shows that we have 7 variables out of which we can eliminate 3 variables as per the given conditions namely, number of people who only consume vanilla, number of people who only consume strawberry and number of people who only consume blueberry. If we add all the remaining terms as per the Venn diagram and equate it to 240. We get

=> 2f + d + 2(d+e) + f + g + e + 30 - g = 240. => 3f + 3d + 3e = 210 => f + d + e = 70

Which is the required answer.

Venn diagram

Edit- Further description: 7 variables: 1. People who consume only vanilla: a 2. People who consume only strawberry: b 3. People who consume only blueberry: c 4. People who consume vanilla and strawberry only: d 5. People who consume strawberry and blueberry only: e 6. People who consume vanilla and blueberry only: f 7. People who consume all 3: g

What is required is all people who consume only 2 out of 3 of the flavors i.e. d + e + f

From the conditions we know that: a = 2f ...(i) b = 2(d + e) ...(ii) c = 30 - g ...(iii)

So, we have "eliminated" a, b and c. Now, the above 7 variables are exclusive of each other and have absolutely no repetitions. Hence, the emphasis on the word "only" in the variable definitions above.

=> a + b + c + d + e + f + g = 240 Replacing a, b and c using the above conditions we get the result d + e + f = 70

Answer 2

You have one more equation available, which is $s+b+v+x+w+y+z=240$ You are being asked for $w+y+z$ because those are all the people who eat exactly two flavors. Substituting in from your equations $$s+b+v+x+w+y+z=240\\2(y+z)+30+2w+w+y+z=240\\3(w+y+z)=210\\w+y+z=70$$ so $70$ people eat exactly two kinds of yogurt.

I have added a Venn diagram below. As Geogebra labels the points, I put a text in each region with three capital letters representing your variables. YYY designates the region for vanilla and strawberries but not blueberries. The three circles are the three flavors and a region that is in multiple circles means those people eat all the things they are in. You can see that $WWW, YYY, and ZZZ$ are the regions where people eat two of the three.