Examples:
$A \cap B$
elements that are in both $A$ and $B$
$A \cup B$
elements that are in either $A$ or $B$
$R \subset A\times B$
coordinates where the first coordinate is an element of $A$, and the second is an element of $B$
$S \subset B\times C$
coordinates where the first coordinate is an element of $B$, and the second is an element of $C$
$R^{-1}$
coordinates of $R$, but the first and second coordinate are flipped
$S\circ R$
Is the final example something like this?: coordinates where the first coordinate is the first coordinate of a coordinate in $R$, and the second coordinate is the second coordinate in a coordinate in $S$, AND the second coordinate in $R$, and the first coordinate in $S$ are both in the same set
For intuition, you could think of $S \circ R$ as consisting of the ordered pairs that come from merging an ordered pair $(a, b) \in R \subset A \times B$ with an ordered pair $(b, c) \in S \subset B \times C$ to get an ordered pair $(a, c) \in A \times C$. (Note that the second coordinate of the pair from $R$ is the same as the first coordinate of the pair from $S$.)