I don't understand the truth table for logical consequence $(a \rightarrow b)$

Question

When I take a look at the truth table for implification, I don't get the logic:

a     b       a --> b
----------------------
1     1         1
1     0         0
0     1         1
0     0         1

I understand implication $a \rightarrow b$ means that $a$ becomes $b$ or I understand this wrong now? Because if I compare what I said with the table, it seems contradicting... My understanding works for all lines except for the last one where we have 0 0 1..

Anyone could please explain me?

Answer 1

The symbol $\rightarrow$ is read "implies", not "becomes". Yes, logical implication is an interesting one. The source of confusion is case 2), below.

Think of an insurance policy. Let $a$ mean "an accident has occurred", and $b$ "the insurance company has paid out." Then $(a \rightarrow b)$ means "the insurance company has kept within its contract." Let's examine the possibilities:

1) $a = F$ (no accident occurred), $b = F$ (no payout made). The company has kept with the contract, so $(a \rightarrow b) = T$.

2) $a = F$ (no accident occurred), $b = T$ (payout made). The company would be crazy to do this (pay when it doesn't have to), but would still be within the contract, so $(a \rightarrow b) = T$.

3) $a = T$ (accident occurred), $b = T$ (payout made). The company has met its contract: $(a \rightarrow b) = T$.

4) $a = T$ (accident occurred), $b = F$ (no payout made). Contract violated: $(a \rightarrow b) = F$.

Answer 2

Rather than "$a$ becomes $b$", it should be read as "$a$ implies $b$".

The only "disproof" that $a$ implies $b$ is if $a$ is true, but $b$ is not. That's why only the second row in your table has a false value for $a\to b$.