Identifying Objects with Polygons

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I can't seem to find anything regarding how one identifies something like a torus with am oriented square. I would like to know the significance of: enter image description here

How does the rectangle depict the torus? Why are the orientations of $a$ and $b$ facing the same way? Why is the $b$ not going up on the right, and down on the left? Why does this rectangle uniquely depict a genus-1 manifold?