I have to prove the statement in the title, i.e
If $F$ has characteristic $p$, then $pa = 0$ for all $a \in F$, $p$ prime.
From the definition of a characteristic of a field, we have that
If F is a field of characteristic p then the prime field P of F is isomorphic to $\mathbb{Z}_p$.
i.e $\exists \phi :P ->\mathbb{Z}_p$, a bijective ring map.
Do I have to prove that (p) is an ideal in F so that $pa=0$ in $F/I$ ? ($I = (p)$)
Thanks
Since $F$ has a prime field $\Bbb{F}_p$ so $p1=0$ (where $1$ is a multiplicative identity of $F$.) So by distributive law we get $$ pa=\underbrace{ a+a+\cdots+a }_{p \text{ times}}=a(\underbrace{ 1+1+\cdots+1 }_{p \text{ times}})=a0=0. $$