We know that $(\underbrace{4 \times 4 \times 4 \times 4}_{4 \text{ times}} = 4^4.$
But how many $(4^4)$ are there in the left side of the equality $\underbrace{4^4 \times 4^4 \times \cdots \times 4^4}_{\text{How many times?}} = {\large 4^{\left( 4^4 \right)}} ?$
Let the number of $4^4$ on the LHS be $n$. Then:
$\large \begin{align} \underbrace{4^4 \times 4^4 \times 4^4 \times \cdots \times 4^4}_{\text{Number of }4^4 = n} & = 4^{4^4} \\ 4^{\overbrace{4+4+4+\cdots+4}^{\text{Number of }4 = n}} & = 4^{4^4} \\ 4^{4n} & = 4^{4^4} \\ \implies 4n & = 4^4 \\ n & = 4^3 = \boxed{64} \end{align} $
This problem is similar to $ \large \sqrt{ 2^{ \sqrt{2} } } = \, ? $ in attempting to get the solver to use an invalid exponent rule. The specific rule is
$(a^b)^c = (a^c)^b$
not
$a^{(b^c)} = a^{(c^b)}$
So while $ (4^4)^4 $ has 4 copies of $ 4^4 ,$ $ 4^{(4^4)} $ does not.
It may be helpful to remember this applies to other non-commutative operations like subtraction. For example, $ 10 - (9 - 1) = 2 $ but $10 - (1 - 9) = 18 .$