Intuitively, it is a tautology. Imagine two possible worlds $m0$ and $m1$, such that $m1$ is accessible from $m0$, i.e., we have the folowing scheme of possible worlds: $m0 \rightarrow m1$. Whatever is the truth value of $q$ in $m1$, $\lozenge(q \rightarrow q)$ is true in $m0$. It follows that $p\rightarrow \lozenge(q\rightarrow q)$ is true in $m0$, wathever is the truth value of $p$ in $m0$ and $m1$. It is a tautology. But I've avaliated this expression by using MOLTAP, and the result was NOT VALID. Is MOLTAP wrong?
2026-03-25 19:10:30.1774465830
Is $p \rightarrow \lozenge (q \rightarrow q)$ a tautology in K?
81 Views Asked by Bumbble Comm https://math.techqa.club/user/bumbble-comm/detail At
1
There are 1 best solutions below
Related Questions in MODAL-LOGIC
- Counter examples in modal logic
- Quantified Modal Logic - How does an existence predicate help with a fixed-domain model?
- Modal logic with MLp as an axiom
- From modal to classical logic
- Maximal Consistent Sets of wff
- $\sf K$-proof of $(\Box p \land \Diamond q) \rightarrow \Diamond (p\land q)$
- Problem set of modal logic with solution
- Determine a modal logic formula which a connective that is not valid but is true
- What is the Upper-Bound for a Kripke Model in Normal Modal Logics?
- Understanding The First Axiom Of Gödel's Ontological Proof
Trending Questions
- Induction on the number of equations
- How to convince a math teacher of this simple and obvious fact?
- Find $E[XY|Y+Z=1 ]$
- Refuting the Anti-Cantor Cranks
- What are imaginary numbers?
- Determine the adjoint of $\tilde Q(x)$ for $\tilde Q(x)u:=(Qu)(x)$ where $Q:U→L^2(Ω,ℝ^d$ is a Hilbert-Schmidt operator and $U$ is a Hilbert space
- Why does this innovative method of subtraction from a third grader always work?
- How do we know that the number $1$ is not equal to the number $-1$?
- What are the Implications of having VΩ as a model for a theory?
- Defining a Galois Field based on primitive element versus polynomial?
- Can't find the relationship between two columns of numbers. Please Help
- Is computer science a branch of mathematics?
- Is there a bijection of $\mathbb{R}^n$ with itself such that the forward map is connected but the inverse is not?
- Identification of a quadrilateral as a trapezoid, rectangle, or square
- Generator of inertia group in function field extension
Popular # Hahtags
second-order-logic
numerical-methods
puzzle
logic
probability
number-theory
winding-number
real-analysis
integration
calculus
complex-analysis
sequences-and-series
proof-writing
set-theory
functions
homotopy-theory
elementary-number-theory
ordinary-differential-equations
circles
derivatives
game-theory
definite-integrals
elementary-set-theory
limits
multivariable-calculus
geometry
algebraic-number-theory
proof-verification
partial-derivative
algebra-precalculus
Popular Questions
- What is the integral of 1/x?
- How many squares actually ARE in this picture? Is this a trick question with no right answer?
- Is a matrix multiplied with its transpose something special?
- What is the difference between independent and mutually exclusive events?
- Visually stunning math concepts which are easy to explain
- taylor series of $\ln(1+x)$?
- How to tell if a set of vectors spans a space?
- Calculus question taking derivative to find horizontal tangent line
- How to determine if a function is one-to-one?
- Determine if vectors are linearly independent
- What does it mean to have a determinant equal to zero?
- Is this Batman equation for real?
- How to find perpendicular vector to another vector?
- How to find mean and median from histogram
- How many sides does a circle have?
Yet another way to see that $p\rightarrow\Diamond(q\rightarrow q)$ is not a tautology in $K$ is as follows: if it is, then $T\rightarrow\Diamond(q\rightarrow q)$ is a theorem, then so is $\Diamond(q\rightarrow q)$ i.e. $\Diamond T$, where $T$ stands for $true$. But $\Diamond T$ is not a theorem in $K$. It is only a theorem in modal logic $D$, which corresponds to serial frames. In fact $\Diamond T$ is equivalent to the $D$ axiom $\Box p \rightarrow \Diamond p$, see answer to 3-rd question below this one.