This is more of a historical question, but I would like to know if the notion of an non-orientable surface was known before Möbius and if so, if a surface bearing this characteristic had been indicated.
2026-04-06 21:10:57.1775509857
Is the Möbius strip the first non-orientable surface discovered?
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The real projective plane arguably was known before the Mobius strip. However, it was mostly studied as an entity in projective geometry, not topology. The projective geometers who studied it may or may not have been aware of the special topological characteristic of $\mathbb R P^2$ having to do with orientability which may have been conceptualized considerably later than the projective plane itself.