For unimodular matrices this is the case. It seems reasonable that this is also the case for totally unimodular matrices, but I couldn't find a reference for this.
Does someone know why it is true or false?
For unimodular matrices this is the case. It seems reasonable that this is also the case for totally unimodular matrices, but I couldn't find a reference for this.
Does someone know why it is true or false?
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this is false. totally unimodular matrices have -1, 0 and 1 coefficients only, and by squaring a simple $2\times 2$ matrix you can get a counter example.
$$\left(\begin{matrix}1 & 1\\1 & 0\end{matrix}\right)^2 = \left(\begin{matrix}2 & 1\\1 & 1\end{matrix}\right) $$