Is the unique morphism from the empty scheme $\operatorname{Spec}((0))$ to some other scheme $X$ smooth?

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This is a very pedantic question, but

Is the unique morphism from the empty scheme $\emptyset = \operatorname{Spec}((0))$ to some other scheme $X$ smooth?

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Yes. It doesn't matter which definition you choose, smoothness of $\emptyset \to X$ is satisfied for trivial reasons. More generally, any open immersion is smooth.