I am still puzzeling to get a nice equation for the arclength of an hypercycle.
(I asked a similar question (less developed) about a year ago that was never answered, now i am a bit further, i deleted the old question, to prevent duplicates)
Given:
a standard hyperbolic plane (curvature = -1)
two points $S_1$ and $S_2$ a distance $s$ apart.
What is the arclength of the hypercycle $h$ whose axis is a distance $d$ away as function of $s$ and $d$?
How far I came:
- make the Saccheri Quadrilateral whose summit $S_1S_2$ and whose base is $B_1B_2$ (so the angles $\angle S_1B_1B_2$ and $\angle B_1B_2S_2$ are right base angles) and call the distance $B_1B_2 \ b $.
Then the following equations are valid:
$$ h = b \cosh(d) $$
$$ \sinh \left( \frac {s}{2} \right) = \sinh \left( \frac{b}{2} \right) \cosh(d) $$
But then to remove $b$ out of the equation I get stuck on the rather complicated formula:
$$ h = 2 \operatorname{arsinh} \left( \frac{ \sinh \left( \frac{s}{2} \right) }{\cosh (d)} \right) \cosh (d) $$
and
$$ s = 2 \operatorname{arsinh} \left( \sinh \left( \frac{h}{2 \cosh (d)} \right) \cosh (d) \right) \cosh (d) $$
Can these formulas be simplified further?
$\sinh(x)$ being strictly increasing on the reals, has a unique inverse function. Specific values for the inverse can be found using the definition of $\sinh(x)$ and the quadratic equation, and a logarithm extraction.
You already have $\sinh(b/2)=\sinh(s/2)/\cosh(d)$ in terms of $s,d.$ So after applying inverse sinh and doubling you have $b$ in terms of $s,d,$ which may be then put into $h=b\cosh(d)$ to arrive at $h$ in terms of $s,d.$
Added later: The inverse sinh in terms of log is $$\sinh^{-1}(x)=\log(x+\sqrt{x^2+1}).$$ When used here, it produces a rather involved expression for $h$ in terms of $s,d$ which (as far as I see) doesn't simplify to anything "nice", due to the expression inside the log at the end.