Logarithmic Series

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I was doing a bit of math when I came across logarithmic series. I have no idea from where they come from. They seem so unrelated, that I have no intuition behind them at all.
So, can anyone prove that $\displaystyle\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{(-1)^{n+1}x^{n}}{n}=\ln(1+x)$ $\forall -1<x\leq1$
or atleast point me in the right direction?