I'm new to this area of number theory and have a limited understanding and intuition for how to find parametric solutions for Diophantine equations with degrees $>1$. Today, I'm specifically interested in $2a^2 + b^2 = 2c^2 + d^2$.
I would like to learn about the methods one would refer to to:
a) Find out how many solutions exist
b) If the answer to a) is more than 1, then I would also like to know how many parametric forms would exist i.e. such that the $GCD(a,b,c,d)=1$
c) Derive the parameterized forms if they exist.
There is nothing wrong with taking $|a|,|b|,|c|,|d|$ in the recipes below. You still get the desired relationship.
$$ a = 2 pq + qs + pr $$ $$ b = 2 pq -rs - 2 qs $$ $$ c = 2pq - qs + pr $$ $$ d = 2pq +rs + 2 qs $$
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Slightly less repetition after I demanded $|a| > |c|.$ So, for example, this does not show abcd = (1,0,1,0) or (0,1,0,1)
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