There is a segment defined by start point x1, y1 and end point x2, y2. There is also a circle with origin at x3, y3 and radius R. If there is an intersection (or intersections) between segment and circle, What will be the equation to calculate Polar coordinate (basically Angle between intersection point, circle center, and horizontal plane) of intersection points in regards to that circle.
I looked for some intersections on google, and mainly all of them answer the yes/no question. I need to not only get the exact point of intersection, but also the polar coordinate of that point (which is easy part) but is there a known equation?
Hint
let $D$ be the distance between the center and the segment.
then
$$\cos(\frac{\theta}{2})=\frac{D}{R}$$
where $R$ is the radius of yhe circle.