I am trying to understand an identity of the $\delta$-function written on this Wikipedia page: \begin{equation} \int \mathrm{d} x \; f(x) \delta[g(x)] = \sum\limits_i \frac{f(x_i)}{\left| \frac{dg(x_i)}{dx}\right|} \tag{1} \end{equation} where $x_i$ are the zeros of $g(x)$ (i.e. $g(x_i)=0$). Now, my question is about the denominator on the right-hand side of equation $(1)$. Is that supposed to be a Jacobian determinant: \begin{equation} \left|\frac{dg(x_i)}{dx}\right| \overset{?}{=} \mathrm{det}\left(\frac{dg(x_i)}{dx}\right) \end{equation} or is it supposed to mean the modulus? The reason I think it might be a Jacobian is because Wiki mentions that we can use the following identity to change variables of integration: \begin{equation} \int_{\mathbf{R}} \delta\bigl(g(x)\bigr) f\bigl(g(x)\bigr) |g'(x)|\,dx = \int_{g(\mathbf{R})} \delta(u)f(u)\, du \end{equation}
2026-04-02 20:29:13.1775161753
Question about identity of Dirac delta function
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The first variant. Everything is in one real variable, so you do not get Jacobian matrices to compute determinants.
The best way to understand that identity is to think of a delta-approximating sequence with compact support, for instance based on the quadratic or cubic B-Spline. Then consider small disjoint intervals around the roots of $g$, make the index in the delta-approximation so large that the support of the approximation is inside the images of these intervals, and perform standard parameter substitution on each of the intervals.