question regarding closure of symmetric neighborhood of e

163 Views Asked by At

I was going through the open mapping theorem (for topological groups) when I stumbled upon a topological property that I couldn't prove to myself. If I have a topological group, $G$ which is $\sigma$-compact and locally compact, then for every $U=U^{-1}$, a symmetric neighborhood of $e$, there is a precompact neighborhood $V=V^{-1}$ of $e$. Moreover, $V$ can be chosen so that if $W=\overline{V}$ is the closure of $V$, then

$$W^{-1}W\subseteq U.$$

I know I can always find a $V$ as mentioned, but I don't know the reason why its closure should be compact or why the above multiplication should work for the closures. Any help to shed light will be much appreciated.

1

There are 1 best solutions below

5
On

You do more or less the same thing as proving the initial $V$ exists, it's just a slight modification. Select a pre-compact neighborhood $V'$ of $e$. Then consider $V''=V'\cap U$. Symmetrizing $V''$ by examining $V_0=V''\cap (V'')^{-1}$, we can see that $V_0$ is pre-compact and symmetric since it is contained in $W'$.

Now for containment in $U$ we do the same trick as we do for the original $V$, we find another neighborhood $V_1$ such that $V_1^2\subseteq U$ and set

$$V=V_0\cap (V_1\cap V_1^{-1}).$$

This is still obviously symmetric (that's why I put the parentheses in the intersection) and pre-compact--the closure is a closed subset of $\overline{V'}$ which is compact--and such that $VV^{-1}\subseteq U$--since

$$VV^{-1}=V^2\subseteq V_1^2\subseteq U.$$