Let $f\in \mathbb R[X,Y]$ be a polynomial with real coefficients of degree $d$. Now suppose I know that there are at least $(d-1)(d-2)/2+1$ isolated singular points. Does this imply that $f$ is reducible in $\mathbb R[X,Y]$? I know that the condition in general implies that it is reducible over $\mathbb C$ but does this also apply over $\mathbb R$?
2026-03-25 10:52:24.1774435944
Real singular points and irreducibility
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No. The idea is to take an irreducible, non-real, polynomial $g \in \mathbb{C}[X,Y]$ and consider the polynomial $f=g \cdot \overline{g}$ which is irreducible over the reals.
For example let $d=2$ and let $f=x^2+y^2$. There is one isolated singularity at the origin, but $f$ is irreducible over the reals.