If $x$ is a differentiable function of $t$ and if we define
$$ f(x)=\frac{x^\prime}{x} $$
then $f$ satisfies logarithmic-like properties
- $f(xy)=f(x)+f(y)$
- $f(x/y)=f(x)-f(y)$
- $f(x^n)=nf(x)$
but $f$ also satisfies the non-logarithmic-like property
- $(x+y)f(x+y)=xf(x)+yf(y)$
Are there any algebraic functions satisfying the functional equation $(4)$?
Note: It is fairly easy to show that $f(x)=f(-x)$.
If $g(x) = x f(x)$, the equation (4) says $g(x+y) = g(x) + g(y)$, i.e. $g$ is additive. See Cauchy's functional equation.