Let's say I have a number that can be written as:
$$p:=10^x+n\tag1$$
Where $x$ and $n$ are both positive natural numbers, we know that $10^x>n$ and the number $n$ does not contain the digit zero.
How can I turn all the zeros that turn up in the number $p$ into a $1$? How can I write that mathematically?
So for example:
$10^5+12=100000+12=100012\tag2$
So we need to add $11100$, in order to get:
$10^5+12+11100=111112\tag3$
How to write $11100$ in terms of $x$ and $n$?
Try something like adding $\dfrac{10^x-10^{1+\lfloor\log_{10}(n)\rfloor}}{9}$
so with your example of $10^5+12$, you would be adding $\frac{10^5-10^{1+\lfloor\log_{10}(12)\rfloor}}{9} = \frac{10^5-10^{2}}{9} = \frac{99900}{9}=11100$