Sum of Bessel functions and integral of exponential of sine or cosine

1.1k Views Asked by At

I'm looking to simplify the following sum of Bessel functions of the first kind: $$\sum_{q=-\infty}^{\infty}\frac{(-)^{q}}{2q+1}e^{iq\theta}I_{q}(\alpha^{2})$$ Motivated by a related question and by taking derivatives w.r.t. the Jacobi-Anger expansion, I've simplified it to this $$\frac{1}{2}e^{-i\theta/2}\left(\intop_{\theta}^{\pi}d\phi\sin\left(\frac{\phi}{2}\right)e^{-\alpha^{2}\cos\phi}+i\intop_{0}^{\theta}d\phi\cos\left(\frac{\phi}{2}\right)e^{-\alpha^{2}\cos\phi}\right)$$ The first integral is actually solvable in Mathematica, so I get $$\frac{1}{2}e^{-i\theta/2}\left(\frac{\sqrt{\pi}e^{\alpha^{2}}\cos\left(\frac{\theta}{2}\right)\text{erf}\left(\alpha\sqrt{\cos\theta+1}\right)}{\alpha\sqrt{\cos\theta+1}}+i\intop_{0}^{\theta}d\phi\cos\left(\frac{\phi}{2}\right)e^{-\alpha^{2}\cos\phi}\right)$$ My questions are

  1. How did Mathematica know how to do the first integral?

  2. Is there a closed form for the closely related second one?

1

There are 1 best solutions below

0
On BEST ANSWER

Probably Mathematica does the substitution $\cos \frac{\phi}{2}=x$ and obtains: \begin{align} \intop_{\theta}^{\pi}&d\phi\sin\left(\frac{\phi}{2}\right)e^{-\alpha^{2}\cos\phi}=2\int\limits_0^{\cos\frac{\theta}{2}} dx e^{-\alpha^2(2x^2-1)} =2e^{\alpha^2}\int\limits_0^{\cos\frac{\theta}{2}} dx e^{-2\alpha^2x^2}\\&=\frac{\sqrt{\pi}e^{\alpha^2}}{\alpha\sqrt{2}}\cdot\frac{2}{\sqrt{\pi}}\int\limits_{0}^{\alpha\sqrt{2}\cos\frac{\theta}{2}}e^{-t^2}dt=\frac{\sqrt{\pi}e^{\alpha^2}}{\alpha\sqrt{2}}\ \text{erf}\left(\alpha\sqrt{2}\cos\frac{\theta}{2}\right),\quad \cos\frac{\theta}{2}\ge 0. \end{align}

The second integral can be calculated by substitution $\sin \frac{\phi}{2}=x$ in the same way as above and expressed through erfi function.