We need to find the smallest composite integer $n$ such that there is a unique group of order $n$.
Attempt: Let us suppose that $n= ab$ is a composite integer where $a,b$ are integers such that $a \neq 1 , b \neq 1$.
Then, there are always at least two ways to write $G$ whose order $n$ of the form $ab$. For Ex: $G$ can be either $\mathbb Z_{ab}$ or $ \mathbb Z_a \oplus \mathbb Z_b$
Hence, the uniqueness property upto isomorphism for a composite $n$ should never exist. Where could I have gone wrong?
EDIT: I haven't taken the situation when $a,b$ are relatively prime into account.
The comments are enough to rule out all composites less than $15$. For example, for even composites we can use the dihedral group and the cyclic group.
To show that every group of order $15$ is cyclic, look at the Sylow Theorems article in wikipedia, where the problem is discussed explicitly. Or else look at this old MSE question.