I have not much of a clue about math.
Is there any way that I can paste equations like this:
48 ? 27 * x * 16 = 82944
or this
85 ? 82 * x + 2 = 8
and get a value for x plus the correct operator (+ - or *).
These equations do not treat multiplication and division prior to adding and substracting. They are all treated equally.
Not really. The solution is not unique.
$$(48\color{red}+27)\cdot \color{red}{\frac{1728}{25}}\cdot 16=82944.$$
$$(48\color{red}-27)\cdot \color{red}{\frac{1728}{7}}\cdot 16=82944.$$
$$(48\color{red}\cdot27)\cdot \color{red}{4}\cdot 16=82944.$$
The simplest solution (and probably the intended one) might be the one with the multiplication. I guess you have to try all of them and look which one gives a nice result.