In Lee's Introduction to Smooth Manifolds, he defines a smooth atlas as maximal if it is not properly contained in any larger smooth atlas. What does this mean? Any atlas covers the manifold so it can't be the domain that he's referring to. In the following example, also given by Lee but in a different context, which one is maximal?
$\mathscr{A}_1 = \{(\mathbb{R}^n, Id_{\mathbb{R}^n})\}$
$\mathscr{A}_2 = \{(B_1(x), Id_{B_1(x)}) : x \in \mathbb{R}^n \}$
Neither $\mathscr{A}_1$ nor $\mathscr{A}_2$ is maximal, since they are both properly contained in $\mathscr{A}_1 \cup \mathscr{A}_2$, and that union isn't maximal either. On the other hand, any smooth atlas is contained in a unique maximal atlas---just add in all of the compatible smooth charts.