What is meant by structure of vector space and how a function can be used to compare between them?

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Can somebody please explain what structure of vector space mean and how can we use function here.

"The question now is how one can determine whether or not two given vector spaces have the 'same' structure as vector spaces, or can be identified as the same vector space. To answer the question,one has to compare them first as sets, and then see whether their arithmetic rules are the same or not. A usual way of comparing two sets is to define a function between them"

If possible please also give me real time use of this property.