Let $A \in \mathbb C^{n \times n}$ be some matrix. I'm trying to understand what $\lvert\!\lvert A \rvert\!\rvert_1$ means. I found two definitions:
$\lvert\!\lvert A \rvert\!\rvert_1$ is the Schatten norm for $p=1$, so $\lvert\!\lvert A \rvert\!\rvert_1 := \mathrm{Tr}\left(\sqrt{A^\dagger A}\right)$.
$\lvert\!\lvert A \rvert\!\rvert_1$ is the maximum of the absolute column sums.
Are these two definitions equivalent? If so, how does one see that?
No, these are two different norms as you can easily see with a randomly generated example.
If you're working with Schatten $p$-norms, please take the time to explain your notation in your writing.
If the only Schatten norm that you're using is $p=1$, then a commonly used notation is $\| A \|_{*}$.