When is the product of two non-square matrices invertible?

783 Views Asked by At

Suppose $A$ is a $k \times n$ matrix and $B$ is an $n \times k$ matrix. Suppose $n \geq k$. Both $A$ and $B$ have rank $k$. Can we say $AB$ is invertible? Also, what happens if $n<k$?

I'm a beginner in linear algebra. I know this question has been answered many times but most answers are too technical for me (involving kernel etc.) and I could not understand them. I'm familiar with the terminology of rank, linear dependence and invertibility, but not much beyond that.

Thank you for your help.

1

There are 1 best solutions below

2
On

No, if one of the columns of $B$ happens to be orthogonal to all the rows of $A$ then that column of $AB$ will be all zeros.
I expect the rank has to be at least $2k-n$. Extend $B$ to an $n\times n$ matrix $C$ so its columns are a basis of $\mathbb{R}^n$. $C$ is invertible, so $AC$ has rank $k$. Now remove the $n-k$ extra columns of $AC$, and what's left has rank between $k$ and $k-(n-k)$.