As you probably know, for any function $u\in L^1_{loc} (\Omega)$ the total variation is defined as $$\text{TV}(u,\Omega)= \sup \, \bigg\{ -\int_{\Omega} u\, div \phi \, dx : \phi \in C_c^{\infty} (\Omega,\mathbb{R}^N), \, \lvert \phi (x) \rvert \leq 1\, \forall x\in \Omega \bigg \}. $$ If also $u \in C^1(\Omega)$, by a simple 'integration by parts' and considering the definition of weak derivative in the Sobolev Space $W^{1,1}$ we easily derive $$ -\int_{\Omega} u\, div\phi\, dx = \int_{\Omega} \phi.\nabla u\, dx. $$ However, the text I'm reading claims that here, the $\sup$ over all $\phi$ with $\lvert \phi \rvert \leq 1$ is $$ \text{TV} (u,\Omega)=\int_{\Omega} \lvert \nabla u \rvert\, dx. $$ But to my frustration, I can't show this. Any help will be appreciated.
2026-03-25 13:04:57.1774443897
When the total variation of a function equals the integral of its gradient
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