I've been looking into the Toeplitz' Conjecture and became very interested, so I began to study it.
Here is the conjecture:
For any Jordan curve $\space \gamma \space$, there exist four distinct points on $ \space \gamma \space$ such that these four points are the vertices of a square.
In order to study this, a mathematician H. Vaughan wrote a paper on the proof that:
For any Jordan curve $\space \gamma \space$, there exist four distinct points on $ \space \gamma \space$ such that these four points are the vertices of a rectangle.
But I can't seem to find the paper, or at least anyone else rigorously explaining the proof.
The best I've found is this video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AmgkSdhK4K8&t=313s
Though I would love a read on the proof.
Thank you.
Actually,I think this video gives a proof of the inscribed rectangle problem. The last step, which said that it's impossible to embed a Möbius Strip in the upper half space with boundary on the curve in the equatorial plan is justified by the following :
If we had one, we could paste the boundary of a disk (the disk is embedded in the lower half space) on the curve and then obtain and embedding of $\Bbb{RP}^2$ (projective plane) in $\Bbb{R}^3$.
But it's impossible : By Alexander duality if $X$ embeds in $\Bbb{R}^3$, then $H_1(X)$ has no torsion (Hatcher, Corollary 3.45).
Does it sound good ? Sorry for my English.