Why is "necessary p" true in a world when there is no world accessible from it?

242 Views Asked by At

So my question is situated in modal logic and everything is defined as usual. I'm reading volume 2 of logic, language, and meaning and on page 24 it says:

$V_{M,w_3}(\square p)= 1$

So the valuation function determined by the model makes the formula $\square p$ true at $w_3$. And this is their explanation: "since there are no worlds at all which are accessible from $w_3$ (so that p is true in all of the [nonexistent] worlds which are accessible)."

So they seem to be saying that if a world has no other world accessible from it a formula like $\square p$ is always true? Am I interpreting this right and if so then why is this true?

1

There are 1 best solutions below

0
On BEST ANSWER

The keyword is vacuous truth

Since there is no accessible world where $p$ can be false, it is true in all accessible worlds.   Thus it is necessary. $$V_{M,w_3}( \Box p )=1$$


On the other hand, since there is no accessible world where $p$ can be true, it is not true in any accessible world.   Thus it is also not possible. $$V_{M,w_3}( \Diamond p )=0$$