Angles and How they Correspond to Sides of a Triangle

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I have done some Googling but am not sure what question I need to ask. I came here instead.

I am at a 9th grade math level (Geometry) and working on a problem that is asking me to find x and y based on some sort of proportion that I don't know. That is my question. How can I find x and y in the problem below and what is the relation/formula used to determine the values?

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Thanks much!