I have come across several references to the fact that Bayes' Theorem has not been universally accepted historically, and that it in fact goes in and out of favor. Obviously, the pendulum has swung very much in favor of late.
For example, Mathematics for the Million by Lancelot Hogben characterizes the theorem as "guesswork" that has "never gained universal assent among mathematicians or scientific workers" (p. 593).
I am not extensively trained in mathematics, but I would still like to learn more about the mathematics of the controversy at a level I can easily grasp. Or is it more of a philosophical objection? Thanks for any explanations/references you can provide.