Categorical formulation of linear transformations between vector spaces

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My question regards the formulation of linear transformations between vector spaces as morphisms in an appropriate category. I know that any biproduct category admits a calculus of matrix. What I'm wondering is whether we can describe a linear transformation through the individual action of each element of the corresponding matrix. For example, would it be possible to describe an element of $GL(2,\mathbb{R})$ with this diagram, wherein the objects are 1-dimensional vector spaces ? matrix

I've tried to see if the usual matrix multiplication relation holds, but this would require adding more relations, and it seems to lead to contradictions. Has this been studied before ?