finding height of the short ski ramp?

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To find $x$, I could use trigonometry if I know the angle that's adjacent to 16 and opposite to $x$.

Is the angle for θ in the bigger triangle the same for the smaller triangle?

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Note that the two triangle are similar by AA test. Please read about similarity here.

Hence,

$$ \frac{x}{22}=\frac{16}{38} $$

Thus,

$$ x \approx 9 $$