Show that if any 14 integers are selected from the set $S = \{1,2,3,...,25\}$, then there are at least two whose sum is 26.
Let there be finite sets $A, B, C $. $A=\{ X| X\in\mathcal{P}(S)$ and $|X|=14 \}$ $B=\{ X| X\in\mathcal{P}(S)$ and $|X|=2 \}$ $C=\{ X| X\in\mathcal{P}(S)$ and $|X|=2$ and $x_1+x_2=26, x_1,x_2\in X\}$
Then, $C \subseteq B $. $C$ is nonempty because $\{1, 25\}\in C$. $|A|=\binom {25}{14}= 4457400$ $|B|=\binom {25}{2}=300$ Since $|A| >|B|$ and $|B| >=|C|, |A|>|C|$. Thus, the function $f: A\rightarrow C $ is not injective by the pigeonhole principle. Suppose $A_1=A_2, A_1, A_2 \in A$. Then $f(A_1)\neq f(A_2)$ because f is not injective.
I am kind of stuck on the proof now. If you choose any subset in A, then how do you ensure that the corresponding subset in C contains elements of A? Is this even the right approach to the proof?
You can have at most one number in each of the following 13 boxes. The 14th gives you two in one box, and you have your result.
1,25 | 2,24 | 3,23 | ... | 12,14 | 13