- If 6 balanced dice are rolled once, what is the probability that no two dice show the same face value? $A) 0.0154$ $B) 0.1667$ $C) 0.00045$ $D) 0.00064$
The answer is : $6!/6^6$. but, i don't understand why the numerator is not one. because at the end of the day we just want the 6 dices to be different, so order doesn't matter.$1,2,3,4,5,6$ is the same thing as $6,5,2,3,1,4$ because they're all different and that's what we're looking for because we're throwing all at once.
Well, there’s only one combination of dice that has all the dice be different, but we’re not counting the probability that a random combination of dice is all different; we’re calculating the probability that a roll of dice will be this specific combination. For example, the probability of getting $5,5,5,5,5,5$ would be just $1/6^6$, because there’s only one roll of dice for that combination. But how many rolls of dice are there for $1,2,3,4,5,6$? The number of ways you can rearrange those, which is $6!$. Since the dice will roll all $6^6$ possible lists with equal likelihood, $6!/6^6$ percent of the dice rolls will be some permutation of $1,2,3,4,5,6$. If we actually just wanted the specific sequence $1,2,3,4,5,6$ it would be $1/6^6$, but since we don’t care a lot more rolls are valid, and there’s a lot more chances for it to be right.