Suppose we define a function which returns $1$ if the number is even and $0$ if the number is odd:
$$\begin{align} S\left(x\right) = \left\{\begin{array}{lr} 0 & \text{if $x$ is odd} \\ 1 & \text{if $x$ is even} \end{array}\right. \end{align}$$
Now, I am wondering if there is word to describe the output of this function? What can I put in the blank below?
The value of S(x) shows the .......... of the number $x$.
I know that one can say other different sentences to imply what this function does, but I am specifically curious to know if there is any technical terminology which describes the odd-even properties of the numbers. This is just an example to make my question more understandable. Thanks.
As mentioned in the comments, saying that $S(x)$ displays the parity of $x$ would be just fine.