I need some help with some logic proofs. There are some questions that ask for the satisfiability of a formula and others that ask if the equivalence or consequence is true or false. ¿Are my answers correct?
Check Satisfiability
$$ \forall X p(X) \rightarrow \exists X \neg p(X) $$ Invalid $$ \forall X p(X) \vee \forall X \neg p(X) $$ Invalid
True or false questions $$ \exists X \exists Y q(X,Y) \models \exists X q(X,X) $$ False $$ \exists Y \forall X q(X,Y) \models \forall X \exists Y q(X,Y) $$ True $$ \forall X p(X) \rightarrow \forall X q(X) \models \exists X ( p(X) \rightarrow q(X) ) $$ True $$ \forall X (p(X) \rightarrow q(X) \equiv \exists X p(X) \rightarrow \forall X q(X) $$ False $$ \exists X(p(X) \rightarrow q(X)) \equiv \forall X p(X) \rightarrow \exists X q(X) $$ True $$ \exists X( p(X,Y) \vee q(X) ) \equiv \exists X p(X,Y) \vee \exists X q(X) $$ True
Take care about satisfiability vs validity. The first two formulas are not valid, however it is asked whether they are satisfiable. In a model where $p(X)$ is false for all elements $x$ both formulas evaluate to true, thus they are satisfiable.
Moreover, take a look at
You cannot arbitrarily switch the quantifiers since the premise talks only about one element Y, while in the conclusion Y depends on X.